18 May 2003, 04:19
Tamara
Tamara, Queen of Georgia in 1184-1207; born in mid-1160s, died in 1207, according to refined data.
During Tamara's reign, Georgia achieved much military and political success. The Georgian troops defeated atabek Abubekr and his allies in the battle of Shamkhor in 1194, the Rumi sultan Ruknaddin in the battle of Basiani in 1202, captured Kars in 1204, and brought virtually all Transcaucasia under Tamara's rule. In the lands seized from Byzantium, a Trapezund Empire appeared, which was under Georgia's political influence for a long time. Georgia's vassals and tributaries were sultan of Erzink, emir of Arzrum, sultan of Khlat, and North-Caucasian highlander rulers.
In the first years of Tamara's reign, the large feudal lords were in favor of the idea of transferring the legislative power to the assembly of the top layer of the society and maintaining the executive power only by the Queen. After the negotiations, Tamara maintained both the right of the ruling and the right of legislature, but she lost the supremacy of a monocracy decision in the state affairs, which were solved jointly by Tamara and the members of the Supreme State Council Darbazi. The domination of the feudal aristocracy caused discontent among the oppressed population. During her rule, Tamara cruelly suppressed the rebellions of the Georgian highlanders who came forward against the establishment of feudal order among them. During her reign, many roads, bridges, caravanserais, fortresses, churches, and monasteries were built. Tamara patronized sciences and arts. Chakhrukhadze's and Shavteli's odes and Shota Rustaveli's epic Warrior in Tiger Skin are dedicated to her.
In 1185, Tamara married Prince Andrey Bogolyubsky's son Yury, whom she divorced two years later. Tamara remarried in 1189 - David Soslani, descendant of the Ossetian branch of the Georgian Bagrationi family.
Later, Tamara was canonized by the Georgian Orthodox Church and Russian Orthodox Church.
